06 Feb Magnets and Magnetism
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A magnet may be considered as being made up of numerous `tiny’ magnets (or magnetic dipoles) all lined up with their N-poles pointing in the same direction. Based on this theory of magnetism, we can explain storage of magnets using keepers, magnetic saturation and demagnetization of magnets. For storage of magnets using keepers, it is to prevent the weakening of magnets. One can store bar magnets in pairs by using two pieces of soft iron, called keepers, across the ends of the bar magnets. For magnetic saturation, every magnet has a maximum possible strength. This happens when all the `tiny’ magnets are aligned in the same direction.
For demagnetization of magnets, this causes the atoms of the magnet to vibrate vigorously and disarrange the alignment of the `tiny’ magnets.
The student at Miracle Learning Centre asked, “What is magnetic field?”
The physics tuition teacher at Miracle Learning Centre replied,” A magnetic field is the region where a magnetic force is exerted on any magnetic object placed within the influence of the field.”
When a bar magnet is broken or cut into two pieces, both pieces behave like two independent magnets. Breaking of a magnet does not disturb the alignment of the molecules and hence two independent magnets are formed.
The molecular theory of magnetism states that all materials are made of very small particles called molecules. According to molecular theory of magnetism, each molecule behaves like a magnet, with their own north seeking poles and south seeking poles. This means all the souths are pointing one way and all the norths pointing in the other direction. Hence, monopole (north pole or south pole alone) does not occur. Thus each molecule of a magnetic substance is an independent magnet. In an unmagnetised substance, the molecules of the magnet are randomly oriented and form a close chain as shown in the figure. So they neutralise the effect.
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